School-Age (CBCL, TRF, YSR)

Also see the Observational Assessment of Children (TOF & DOF), and Semistructured Clinical Interview (SCICA)

The school-age assessment forms are the CBCL/6-18, completed by parents or surrogates; the TRF/6-18, completed by teachers and other school staff; and the YSR/11-18 completed by youths.

The Module with Multicultural Options for Ages 6-18 (MMO/6-18) displays problem-scale profiles and cross-informant bar graphs in relation to multicultural (including U.S.) norms. The Multicultural Supplement fully documents the multicultural norms and illustrates their clinical and research applications

Different norms can be selected for a child’s CBCL, TRF, and YSR scores. If norms are unavailable for a society, you can elect default norms or other norms deemed appropriate for the child. The same scale scores can also be displayed with different norms.


The Module includes the Obsessive-Compulsive Problems, Stress Problems, Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (not on YSR), and Positive Qualities (YSR only) scales.

School-Age (CBCL/6-18, TRF, & YSR) Scales

Empirically based syndrome scales scored from the CBCL/6-18, TRF, and YSR are based on factor analyses coordinated across the forms.

  • Anxious/Depressed
  • Withdrawn/Depressed
  • Somatic Complaints
  • Social Problems
  • Thought Problems
  • Attention Problems
  • Rule Breaking Behavior
  • Aggressive Behavior

DSM-oriented scales comprise items identified by experts from many cultures as very consistent with DSM-5 categories. The six DSM-oriented scales are:

  • Depressive Problems
  • Anxiety Problems
  • Somatic Problems
  • Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Problems
  • Oppositional Defiant Problems
  • Conduct Problems

The DSM-oriented scales are scored from all three forms. Inattention and Hyperactivity-Impulsivity subscales are also scored from the TRF Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Problems scale.

The following items were changed from the 1991 forms:

  • 1991 CBCL/4-18 items changed on the 2001 CBCL/6-18: #2, #4, #5, #28, #78, #99
  • 1991 YSR/11-18 items changed on the 2001 YSR/11-18: #2, #4, #5, #28, #78, #99
  • 1991 TRF/5-18 items changed on the 2001 TRF/6-18: #5, #28, #99

The following School-Age Products are available:

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